With the adjournment of the annual state legislative session, we thought we’d share with you some of the bills that made it to the governor’s desk. We would also like to focus on a significant change to juvenile justice in California.

Even though state lawmakers had to contend with conflicts relating to COVID-19, some interesting pieces of legislation made it to Governor Gavin Newsom. Such bills include but are not limited to legislation that would shorten probation terms (Assembly Bill-1950), enable parolees to earn a quicker end to supervision (Assembly Bill-2342), and create a state-level re-entry commission (Senate Bill-369).

In May, Governor Newsom proposed closing the Division of Juvenile Justice (DJJ) and all its remaining state facilities in favor of local alternatives as part of the 2020-21 state budget. The announcement was met with sharp criticism; however, it looks like the novel plan may come to fruition.

State lawmakers were able to get a trailer bill, AB-1868: Juvenile Justice Realignment, to Newsom’s office in the session’s final hours. An agreement was struck laying the groundwork for a new kind of juvenile justice, one that shifts the focus away from incarceration in favor of rehabilitation.

The Office of Youth and Community Restoration

In the place of the DJJ, the new Office of Youth and Community Restoration, a part of the state’s Health and Human Services Agency, will “have critical responsibilities to oversee county juvenile justice systems, administer funding, and ensure local policies and practices reflect the state’s priorities for children and families.” Grants will be given to counties to provide custody and supervision.

“That kind of systemic transformation is exactly what I think we’re learning needs to happen in this time when you’ve seen much tumult around how the criminal justice system operates and whether it’s fair and equitable particularly as it relates to the treatment of kids of color,” said Chet Hewitt, of the reform group California Alliance for Youth & Community Justice.

There are currently four DJJ facilities that house about 775 youths, according to The Imprint. The majority are at three youth prisons, and 70 are at the Amador County fire camp, which trains youths in firefighting. Beginning next July, the state will no longer accept most youth offenders. The agreement made with the governor’s office also raises the age to 25 for some youth to remain in the juvenile justice system.

Next year, local governments will be tasked with detaining youth offenders in county detention centers. Those currently serving time in state-run juvenile detention centers will remain in state custody until their time is served or they reach age 25. The Amador fire camp will continue training youths under the new system.

Orange County Juvenile Defense Attorney

Please contact the Law Office of Katie Walsh if your son or daughter faces legal difficulties or school expulsion. Attorney Walsh has significant expertise in these matters and can advocate for your family. You can reach us at (714) 351-0178 for a free consultation.

Our thoughts and prayers go out to everyone affected by the many forest fires raging across the state. We hope that everyone finds themselves safe.

On numerous occasions, we have covered Senate Bill 190: Ending Juvenile Administrative Fees (SB-190), a piece of legislation that abolished entire categories of monetary sanctions in the juvenile legal system and a subset of fees for young people in the adult legal system. Signed into law by former Governor Jerry Brown in 2017, the landmark law went into effect on January 1, 2018.

SB-190 has several facets that are meant to take some of the financial burden off young people who are in legal trouble and their families. The bipartisan legislation prohibits California counties from charging fees to parents and guardians for their child’s:

• Detention
• Representation by Counsel
• Electronic Monitoring
• Probation Supervision
• Drug Testing

The bill also removed each county’s authority to charge young people, ages 18–21, in the adult system for home detention, electronic monitoring, and drug testing. Senators Holly J. Mitchell and Ricardo Lara wrote SB 190 to:

“eliminate a source of financial harm to some of the state’s most vulnerable families, support the reentry of youth back into their homes and communities, and reduce the likelihood that youth will recidivate.”

Failure to Comply with SB-190

The Berkeley Law Policy Advocacy Clinic conducted a study on behalf of the Western Center on Law & Poverty to give a status report on the implementation of SB-190, according to The Crime Report. Study co-authors Stephanie Campos-Bui and Jess Bartholow identified 22 counties in violation of law by continuing to charge fees, demand past fees, and bill families through the child support system.

While the revelation is concerning, the status report did have some positive findings. SB-190 did not waive previously assessed fees; however, the authors write that “36 counties voluntarily discharged or stopped collecting them, relieving hundreds of thousands of families of more than $237 million.”

The report indicates that the bill provided California families with hundreds of millions of dollars in relief. Before SB-190 went into effect, “families with youth in the juvenile legal system had more than $374 million in outstanding fee assessments.”

Researchers identified the worst offenders still pursuing legal fees from families with youths in the juvenile legal system. The five counties failing to comply the most are:

• San Diego
• Orange
• Riverside
• Tulare
• Stanislaus

The study authors recommend that counties stop assessing all SB 190-prohibited fees through child support orders and to young people ages 18–21 in criminal court; counties should voluntarily stop collecting and discharge all previously assessed SB; counties should notify young people and families of all SB 190 fee relief and update all SB 190-related internal- and external-facing fee materials.

On the state level, The Berkeley Law Policy Advocacy Clinic recommends that the California Department of Social Services require local child support agencies to comply with SB 190. They add that the California Legislature and Governor should enact new legislation that waives all previously assessed fees.

California Juvenile Law Attorney

Attorney Katie Walsh has extensive experience in the juvenile legal system and previously worked as a prosecutor; she is in a unique position to advocate for your family and help your child achieve the best possible outcome in his or her case. Please contact The Law Offices of Katie Walsh today for a free consultation.

Keeping kids in the classroom is key to ensuring that students perform well academically. Students who act out in class risk suspension or worse, expulsion. Young people can have behavioral problems in school for a myriad of reasons, issues at home or mental health conditions are two of the more common causes. However, there is some evidence suggesting that sleep deprivation could be playing a role in teenage behavior.

Researchers Kevin Bastian and Sarah Fuller of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill analyzed data from more than 400 North Carolina high schools, according to Education Dive. They determined that students who start classes later in the morning were less likely to be suspended. Starting class at 8:30 a.m. or later was also linked to higher overall GPAs among students.

The findings noted above are interesting and have given several lawmakers across the country food for thought, especially in California. In recent years, there have been several attempts to push back school start times to allow young people more sleep.

Even though there is a growing body of evidence showing the benefits of such a move, former Gov. Jerry Brown vetoed a bill that would have had middle and high schoolers start class at 8:30 a.m. However, California Gov. Gavin Newsom has a decidedly different stance on the subject.

SB 328 Pupil Attendance: School Start Time

This month, Gov. Newsom signed Senate Bill 328 into law, making it so that most middle schools and high schools will start class later, The Los Angeles Times reports. The change will be phased in and should be fully implemented by the beginning of the 2022-23 school year.

SB 328 is controversial; many school officials and some lawmakers oppose the move to start class later, according to the article. Concerns have been raised that the change could affect bus routes and prevent parents from dropping their kids off at school before work. The California Teachers Association called Newsom’s signing of the bill “unfortunate.”

Gov. Newsom defended his support for the bill by pointing to the available science. Studies correlate more sleep from later start times with better academic performance and better health. For those reasons, SB 328 has the support of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the California Medical Association, and the California State Parent Teacher Association.

An impetus for the bill was a 2014 opinion from the American Academy of Pediatrics stating that middle and high schools shouldn’t begin class until 8:30 a.m. California is the first state in the nation to pass legislation mandating later start times

“Today, Gov. Newsom displayed a heartwarming and discerning understanding of the importance of objective research and exercised strong leadership as he put our children’s health and welfare ahead of institutional bureaucracy resistant to change,” said Sen. Anthony Portantino, who authored the legislation. “Generations of children will come to appreciate this historic day and our governor for taking bold action. Our children face a public health crisis. Shifting to a later start time will improve academic performance and save lives because it helps our children be healthier.” Please take a moment to watch a short video on the subject:

California School Expulsion Attorney

If your son or daughter is having difficulty in school and is facing school expulsion, then you must seek the assistance of an experienced juvenile defense lawyer. At the Law Offices of Katie Walsh, we can advocate for your family and safeguard your child’s rights.

Attorney Walsh can help you navigate the school expulsion hearing process and may be able to negotiate alternatives to expulsion. Please contact our office today for a free consultation.

Research suggests that corporate and academic grooming policies unfairly impact black women in the workplace. Dove and the Crown Coalition, a group of beauty industry leaders, civil rights activists and legislators, sponsored a survey to learn more about discrimination relating to hairstyles.

The survey shows that black women receive formal grooming policies at a rate significantly higher than White women, according to Diverse. Black women also reported they were 80 percent more likely to change their natural hair to meet social or employment expectations.

An earlier study from 2016, conducted by Ohio State University’s Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, discovered that black girls were disciplined in the state’s public schools because of their natural hairstyles. Meaning that black girls are often threatened with suspension and expulsion because schools contend that the student’s hair is a disruption.

The authors of the Ohio study write that the disturbing trend “is deeply connected to long-standing Westernized notions of beauty…yet again, this highlights the ways in which black girls are penalized for their incongruity with ‘traditional’ White notions of womanhood.”

California’s CROWN Act

Hairstyles of black people are a part of their heritage; and it’s hard to believe that young girls and women are punished for their natural hair in the 21st Century. In an attempt to reduce instances of discrimination in California, lawmakers passed the CROWN Act (“Create a Respectful and Open Workplace for Natural Hair”).

The Creating a Respectful and Open Workplace for Natural Hair or Senate Bill 188 is meant to combat discrimination based on hairstyles. Gov. Gavin Newsom signed the bill into law on July 3.

The law prohibits employers from enforcing purportedly “race-neutral” grooming policies. The legislation was sponsored by State Sen. Holly Mitchell, who also wears her hair in locs. An author of the Ohio study titled “Race Matters . . . And So Does Gender,” Robin A. Wright from the University of Cincinnati, says:

“I actually hear it more from young men, particularly, but also women, that they believe they have to cut off their dreads in order to get a job in corporate America.” She adds that “It’s ridiculous that we need a law like this in 2019, but our kids and [other] folks are still being discriminated against.”

California is at the top of the list of progressive states, so it makes sense that it is the first state to pass this type of legislation. However, New York approved a similar bill earlier this year, which protects black people’s right to wear natural hairstyles.

Many nonprofits support the CROWN Act, and state and national organizations, including the California Employment Lawyers Association, California School Board Association, and the California Teachers Association. According to RadioFacts: “SB 188 will ensure protection against discrimination based on hairstyles by extending statutory protection to hair texture and protective styles in the Fair Employment and Housing Act (FEHA) and the California Education Code.”

California School Discipline Attorney

Please contact The Law Office of Katie Walsh if your child is being discriminated against because of their hairstyle, and may be facing suspension or expulsion. Attorney Walsh has the experience to advocate for your loved one effectively.

The California Assembly and Senate’s fiscal committees met to determine the fate of several criminal justice bills this month. At which time speedy mass-hearings commence, often without public knowledge, to decide the fate of legislation, according to Witness LA. This process allows lawmakers to support or kill bills without having to vote one way or the other.

Bills that would cost the state more than $150,000 go into what is called “suspense files,” the article reports. Each May, committees meet to decide which legislation will move forward or be left behind for the time being. Suspense files are legislative storage containers.

For instance, Assembly Bill 1182 did not get the green light. The bill would have reduced parole time for people convicted of certain crimes and lowered the parole-service requirement time.

Now that the fiscal committees have met, we will discuss some of the criminal justice reforms that passed the hurdle. The bills include Assembly Bills 1076, 680, and 1331; as well as, Senate Bills 114, 555, and 716.

Criminal Justice Bills that Survived

Assembly Bill 1076 automates the expungement process statewide so that people are not affected by records that should have been wiped clean already. According to the article, around two million Californians are eligible to have offenses removed from their records.

Assembly Bill 680 aims to reduce the criminalization of people living with mental illness. The bill also requires all 911 dispatchers to receive mental health intervention training. Assembly Bill 1331 seeks to expand California’s collection of criminal justice system-related data.

Senate Bill 114 seeks to do away with criminal justice system fees, including:

• Probation and diversion
• Collecting restitution orders
• Processing
• Drug testing
• Incarceration
• Medical
• Sealing or expunging criminal records

Senate Bill 555 would reduce commissary and phone call costs for jailed people and their families. Finally, Senate Bill 716 mandates court schools to offer post-secondary classes or vocational courses for juveniles out of high school.

Orange County Juvenile Defense Attorney

If your child is facing legal trouble or school expulsion, then it helps to have a juvenile justice expert to serve as your advocate. Please contact The Law Offices of Katie Walsh for a free consultation. Attorney Walsh is committed to helping young people get to the other side of their difficulties with the least amount of impact on their lives.

The new California state budget allocates $4 million toward preventing the unnecessary arrests of foster children, The San Francisco Chronicle reports. The move from lawmakers came about after the newspaper exposed a severe issue regarding the handling foster kids who act up.

Historically, when foster children staying in one of the many California shelters caused a ruckus, supervisors would call the authorities. A minor infraction could quickly land a child in a juvenile detention facility for assault and vandalism; the practice starts a vicious cycle of young people going in-and-out of the juvenile justice system, and then the adult criminal justice system later in life.

It is vital to remember that the majority of youngsters in foster care have had complicated lives. Such youngsters have been witness to all-the-wrong-things from a very young age; ostensibly, they are not equipped to handle challenging situations in a healthy manner. One could argue that acting up is expected among young people whose early life is comprised of one traumatic event after another. Fortunately, there are ways of disciplining children that don’t involve detention; utilizing such methods could teach adolescents valuable life lessons and coping skills.

De-Escalation and Adolescent Development Training

The $4 million will be used for:

• Foster youth support services,
• De-escalation training, and
• Adolescent development training for law enforcement and staff at residential facilities.

This week, legislation is expected to pass that would order California children’s shelters and group homes to only call law enforcement in an emergency, according to the article. Such facilities should rely on other forms of intervention before turning to the police as a means of disciplining a child. Maria Ramiu, a senior staff attorney with the Youth Law Center in San Francisco, says the new law encouraging shelters and group homes to rely on law enforcement less, would be a significant “change in philosophy.”

Assembly Bill (AB) 2043, introduced by state Assemblyman Joaquin Arambula (D), curbs over-reliance on law enforcement to solve foster care behavioral concerns, The Chronicle of Social Change reports. The bill also helps foster kids reach out for help when they find themselves in unsafe situations in foster homes by creating a statewide hotline for foster youth and their caregivers to contact a mobile crisis-team at any time.

“We want [foster youth and caregivers] to feel supported, to have access to immediate support in their homes,” said Diana Boyer, senior policy analyst for the County Welfare Directors Association of California. “We’re bringing the services to them, as opposed to them going to services.”

A mobile crisis team with training in how to address the concerns of young people, many of which have mental health problems, could significantly reduce the need to rely on law enforcement. Mental health, and young people acting out because of such conditions, is not a problem that can be arrested away.

Juvenile Defense Attorney

The Law Offices of Katie Walsh specialize in juvenile law. If your son or daughter is facing criminal charges or school expulsion, Attorney Walsh can advocate for you and your family in several ways. Please contact our office for a free consultation.

The proposed #EquityAndJustice2018 package includes several bills that could drastically change juvenile justice in California. If the legislative measure makes its way to the Governor’s desk, it could help put a stop to the juvenile justice to adult corrections pipeline. The group of bills includes SB 1391, SB 1392 and SB1393 introduced by Senators Ricardo Lara (D) Long Beach and Holly Mitchell (D) Los Angeles, according to Oakland Post. Thus far, the package has earned a stamp of approval from the Public Policy Committee and will now go before the Appropriations Committee. Hopefully, the series of bills will be received well.

Equity and Justice Package

SB 1391: “Existing law provides that, notwithstanding open course provisions in statute or regulations of the board of governors, the governing board of a community college district that provides classes for inmates of certain facilities may include the units of full-time equivalent students generated in those classes for purposes of state apportionments. This bill would repeal the authority of a district attorney to make a motion to transfer a minor from juvenile court to a court of criminal jurisdiction in a case in which a minor is alleged to have committed a specified serious offense when he or she was 14 or 15 years of age, thereby amending Proposition 57.”

SB 1392: “Existing law imposes an additional 3-year sentence for each prior separate prison term served by a defendant where the prior and current offense was a violent felony, as defined. If that provision does not apply, existing law instead imposes a one-year term for each prior separate prison term or county jail felony term under the law, except under specified circumstances. This bill would delete the provision that requires an additional one-year term.”

SB 1393: “Existing law requires the court, when imposing a sentence for a serious felony, in addition and consecutive to the term imposed for that serious felony, to impose a 5-year enhancement for each prior conviction of a serious felony. Existing law generally authorizes a judge, in the interests of justice, to order an action dismissed, but precludes a judge from striking any prior serious felony conviction in connection with imposition of the 5-year enhancement. This bill would delete the restriction prohibiting a judge from striking a prior serious felony conviction in connection with imposition of the 5-year enhancement described above and would make conforming changes.”

Juvenile Justice Press Conference

Sens. Ricardo Lara and Holly J. Mitchell held a press conference to discuss the three bills mentioned above, as well as SB 1050. These new bills propose to reform juvenile and adult criminal sentencing. Please take some time to watch the video below:

Juvenile Defense Attorney

At the Law Offices of Katie Walsh, we specialize in juvenile law. If your son or daughter is facing criminal charges, Attorney Walsh can assist you and your family in a number of ways. Please contact our office for a free consultation.

Almost a year ago California businesses that employ 25 or more people were informed that they are required to provide written notice to new employees of his or her rights to take time off for the following reasons:

1. “To seek medical attention for injuries caused by domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking.
2. To obtain services from a domestic violence shelter, program, or rape crisis center as a result of domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking.
3. To obtain psychological counseling related to an experience of domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking.
4. To participate in safety planning and take other actions to increase safety from future domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking, including temporary or permanent relocation.”

The requirement falls under amending Section 230.1, Assembly Bill (AB) 2337, authored by Assemblywoman Autumn R. Burke in 2016. Subsequently, Governor Jerry Brown signed AB 2337 into law. A sign that California is committed to protecting the rights of the countless victims of domestic assault.

This past August, Assemblywoman Burke was appointed to serve as a member of the California Domestic Violence Advisory Council (DVAC) by the California State Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, the Los Angeles Sentinel reports. The DVAC works together with the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (CalOES) to “ensure the safety and security of all domestic violence victim.”

AB 2337 and Troubling Statistics On Domestic Violence

In addition to informing new employees of their rights, employers must provide the information listed above to any current employee who asks. The aforementioned legislation also protects victims of domestic violence, sexual assault or stalking from being terminated due to work absences.

Unless you have or know someone who has been directly affected by domestic violence, you may not give the subject much thought. One’s life moves forward, despite what is happening in the shadows around you. You are probably unaware of just how prevalent domestic violence is, nor would you be aware the true impact it has on society. Upon accepting the new appointment which she expressed gratitude for, Burke said:

“The grim statistics are shocking – a study by the Center for Disease Control found that women lose nearly eight million days of paid work because of violence inflicted by their intimate partners which is equivalent of 32,114 full-time jobs each year. Additionally, intimate partner violence accounts for 15% of all violent crime, one-out-of-seven women have been stalked by an intimate partner in their lifetime, younger women ages 18-24 are commonly abused by an intimate partner, and women are six times more likely to be killed when there is a gun in the house. That is why I look forward to serving on the DVAC and continuing to promote state policies and support programs that seek to end acts of violence between spouses and domestic partners.”

As an aside: October is Domestic Violence Awareness Month. Which, California has officially observed since 1987, according to the article. “Love Shouldn’t Hurt” is a public awareness campaign sponsored by the DVAC.

Orange County Domestic Violence Attorney

Are you a victim of domestic violence, sexual assault or stalking? Or, do you know someone who has be affected by such troubling crimes? If so, Attorney Katie Walsh can advocate for you or a loved one regarding such matters. At the Law Offices of Katie Walsh, we can help both inside the courtroom and out, navigating the both the court process and in finding appropriate counseling services. We work closely with a number of experienced counselors, social workers and therapists. Please contact us today, we can help.

In June, we wrote about California Senate Bill 190 which was written to help the families of minors charged with crimes. The costs to families associated with juvenile offenses can be immense and mind boggling, as we mentioned before. SB 190 was crafted to ease some of the burden, banning the collection of fees in the juvenile-justice system across the state.

SB 190 is not the only piece of legislation in the works with the aim of assisting both juveniles and their families. These are bills, whose authors are hopeful will lead to changes in other states, placing greater focus on prevention and rehabilitation, rather than punishment. Together, California State Sens. Holly Mitchell and Ricardo Lara introduced four bills that could greatly help thousands of families across the state, Youth Today reports. The director of the National Center for Juvenile Justice, Melissa Sickmund, says:

“Some states may look at California and say if California can do it with all those kids, wow, then maybe we can do it, too.”

Juvenile Justice Changes

Aside from SB 190, there are three other important pieces of legislation that have been introduced. You can read a brief description of them below, for more information you can click the associated links. If approved:

• SB 394: writes into state law a U.S. Supreme Court decision whereby minors can’t be sentenced to life without parole.
• SB 395: requires minors speak with an attorney before waiving any legal rights.
• SB 439: keeps children 11 and under out of the juvenile justice system.

Thus far, only SB 439 has made its way through the California Senate, according to the article. The others are still awaiting a green light from the legislative body, after which the State Assembly must approve similar bills. The last step is Governor Jerry Brown signing the bills into law, probably sometime this fall.

“I feel optimistic that our entire juvenile justice and equity package will be signed into law,” said Sen. Mitchell. “My colleagues in the Legislature and the governor’s office have heard the general public loud and clear in their approval of Proposition 47. The people have demonstrated their desire for a shift away from a punitive orientation system, to a new approach that focuses on prevention, and rehabilitation.”

Juvenile Justice Help

The four bills in question can make huge difference, across the state. If you have a son or daughter who has been charged with a crime, please reach out to us for help. Attorney Katie Walsh and her team can answer your questions, and help your child achieve the best possible outcome.

No matter which state you live in, most people would probably agree that sex crimes are some of the most heinous. Some may even argue that the damage caused by sexual assault, molestation and rape have lasting effects on victims that could be considered worse in many ways than that of murder. Everyone has different opinions, to be sure, yet it is hard to not see the value in keeping track of people who may be apt to commit sex offenses again.

In the United States, every state has some form of registry that convicted sex offenders are required by law to submit information about where they are residing. The public can access the registry to determine if there is anyone in their neighborhood that may be cause for concern. In California, there is a law in place enacted in 1996 that mandates the California Department of Justice (CA DOJ) to inform the public about specified registered sex offenders and about those individuals posing a risk to public safety.

California’s Megan’s Law came about in the wake of the rape and murder of seven-year-old Megan Kanka. The perpetrator was a known offender who moved across the street from Kanka’s family. Sex offender legislation, like the registry requirement and Megan’s Law, arguably have protected countless families from tragedy. However, there have been some concerns of late that some sex crimes are more severe than others, and that the lifelong registry requirement may be extreme in some cases.

A new bill has been introduced in California that would bring about a sex offender tier system, CBS 2 reports. Those below would potentially be able to be removed from the database. A spectrum with 1 being the least severe and 3 being the worst. If passed, offenders who fall into tier three would be in the registry for life, whereas people in tier 1 would be on the list for 10 years and tier 2 for twenty years. While the law seems pretty simple, if passed it would mean that the State would have to go back and review each offender’s case to determine which tier they should be on. As you can probably imagine there are a number of Californian’s who are not fans of SB 421.

“So if they’re on there for 10 years, after the first year of being on there they can petition to be taken off. They would go to the law enforcement and then they forward it to the district attorney’s office who writes it to be taken off. So someone who is a tier 1, which means possession of child porn or lewd acts with a child under the age of 14 or selling a minor for illegal acts, those are tier 1 offenses. That’s ridiculous,” said Mika Moulton, who is with the organization Christopher’s Clubhouse. SB 421 is still in the preliminary stages.

If you or loved one needs an attorney to understand the current laws and the proposed legislation and how it may impact you or a family member, remember to contact Attorney Katie Walsh. Ms. Walsh and her team will communicate with you and answer all your questions.